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THIS CASEBOOK contains a selection of U. S. Court of Appeals decisions that analyze and discuss issues surrounding claims brought under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act. 18 U.S.C. §§ 1961 et seq. Volume 1 of the casebook covers the District of Columbia Circuit and the First through the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals.

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RICO makes it "unlawful for any person employed by or associated with any enterprise engaged in, or the activities of which affect, interstate or foreign commerce, to conduct or participate, directly or indirectly, in the conduct of such enterprise's affairs through a pattern of racketeering activity. ..." 18 U.S.C. § 1962(c). The statute "provides a private civil action to recover treble damages for injury 'by reason of a violation of' its substantive provisions." Sedima, S.P.R.L. v. Imrex Co., 473 U.S. 479, 481, 105 S.Ct. 3275, 87 L.Ed.2d 346 (1985) (quoting 18 U.S.C. § 1964(c)). "Broadly stated, a civil RICO claimant must prove (1) a violation of the substantive RICO statute, 18 U.S.C. § 1962, and (2) an injury to the plaintiff's 'business or property by reason of a violation of section 1962.'" Alcorn Cnty. v. U.S. Interstate Supplies, Inc., 731 F.2d 1160, 1167 (5th Cir. 1984) (quoting 18 U.S.C. § 1964(c)), abrogated on other grounds by United States v. Cooper, 135 F.3d 960 (5th Cir. 1998).

Courts sometimes refer to these requirements as RICO standing or statutory standing. See In re Taxable Mun. Bond Sec. Litig., 51 F.3d 518, 521 (5th Cir. 1995) ("The standing provision of civil RICO provides that '[a]ny person injured in his business or property by reason of a violation of section 1962 of this chapter may sue therefor ... and shall recover threefold the damages he sustains.'" (quoting 18 U.S.C. § 1964(c))). Accordingly, courts insist that damages or injury "as a result of the RICO violation" is "a necessity for standing under RICO." Id. at 522. Or, as the Supreme Court has put it, "the plaintiff only has standing if, and can only recover to the extent that, he has been injured in his business or property by the conduct constituting the violation." Sedima, 473 U.S. at 496, 105 S.Ct. 3275.

HCB Financial Corp. v. McPherson, 8 F. 4th 335 (5th Cir. 2021)

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